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Probiotics and prebiotics: while their names are only separated by one letter, their roles in your digestive health are quite distinct. Do you know the difference?

Probiotics vs. prebiotics

Probiotics are “good” live bacteria and yeasts that help keep your digestive system healthy by balancing the gut microbiota, which is the system of microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract. These microorganisms are essential for converting food into essential nutrients and transporting those nutrients throughout the body.

Prebiotics are plant fibers found in some foods that the body can’t digest, but they can help fuel the growth of good bacteria.

“Prebiotics are breakfast, lunch and dinner for probiotics. They work together synergistically,” said Mary Beth Torres, MS, RDN, senior health and wellness consultant and dietitian with Baptist Health.

Together, they help build and maintain a healthy colony of microorganisms in your gut to protect against illness and aid in digestion.

Best sources of probiotics and prebiotics

Torres recommended getting probiotics and prebiotics through your everyday diet, but those who are lactose intolerant or don't enjoy probiotic- and prebiotic-rich foods can use dietary supplements.

“Consuming prebiotics and probiotics naturally with food would be the best way to get the health benefits,” said Torres.

She cautioned that if you're considering a probiotic supplement, it’s best to consult a registered dietitian or medical expert first, especially if you're at higher risk for infections, such as those undergoing cancer treatment or with a suppressed immune system.

“Probiotic supplements may contain different microbes, and understanding the type of strain, proof of effectiveness, quality and quantity is important to receive the health benefits and avoid adverse side effects,” said Torres.