Culdocentesis is a procedure that checks for abnormal fluid in the space just behind the vagina. This area is called the cul-de-sac.
First, you will have a pelvic exam. Then, the health care provider will hold the cervix with an instrument and lift it slightly.
A long, thin needle is inserted through the wall of the vagina (just below the uterus). A sample is taken of any fluid found in the space. The needle is pulled out.
You may be asked to walk or sit for a short time before the test is done.
How the Test will Feel
You may have an uncomfortable, cramping feeling. You will feel a brief, sharp pain as the needle is inserted.
Why the Test is Performed
This procedure is rarely done today because a transvaginal ultrasound can show fluid behind the uterus.
It may be done when:
- You have pain in the lower abdomen and pelvis, and other tests suggest there is fluid in the area.
- You may have a ruptured ectopic pregnancy or ovarian cyst.
Normal Results
No fluid in the cul-de-sac, or a very small amount of clear fluid, is normal.
What Abnormal Results Mean
Fluid may still be present, even if not seen with this test. You may need other tests.
A sample of fluid may be taken and tested for infection.
If blood is seen in the area, you may need emergency surgery.
Risks
Risks include puncturing the uterine or bowel wall.
Considerations
You may need someone to take you home if you were given medicines to relax.
References
Braen GR. Culdocentesis In: Roberts JR, ed. Roberts and Hedges' Clinical Procedures in Emergency Medicine. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014:chap 57.
Eisinger SH. Culdocentesis (colpocentesis). In: Pfenninger JL, Fowler GC, eds. Pfenninger and Fowler's Procedures for Primary Care. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Mosby; 2011:chap 139.
BACK TO TOP